Thursday, March 22, 2012

Fuel your car from home with Ammonia

   Ammonia (NH3) can be used to fuel your car.   A video on youtube shows how it has been done.
 Ammonia car youtube video 
The ammonia is burned in the engine and generates exhaust that consists of nitrogen gas, water and some amount of nitrous oxide that can be removed by the catalytic converter of the car.   No new or exotic technology is required.   And the technology scales well.  There is no scarce mineral such as lithium or platinum required.
 
My thought is that it would be possible in this day and age to make your own ammonia at home to fuel your car.   The essential parts to making ammonia are first to separate out the nitrogen in the atmosphere from the oxygen in the air (80% nitrogen/ 20% oxygen).   The technology for doing this is found in portable home units that are used by people on oxygen that used what is called Pressure Swing Adsorption technology to separate the oxygen from the air.   In this case, you would simply use the exhaust gas (nitrogen) from an
oxygen generating unit to provide the nitrogen.   The second step is to generate hydrogen gas.   There are many ways to do this, the easiest being to use electricity to run a hydrolysis unit that splits ordinary water into hydrogen and oxygen.   Another way is to oxidize aluminum under water.  Here is a link to this technology.
  Making hydrogen using aluminum
The next step is to compress the mixture of nitrogen and ammonia to a very high pressure (3000 psi).  This is not very different from the pressure used to compress gas for scuba diving.    Then the high pressure mixture is heated in the presence of a catalyst ( a very inexpensive iron based catalyst) for a brief amount of time until the exothermic (heat generating) reaction of the nitrogen and hydrogen starts.   Then a mixture of these of
gases plus an amount of ammonia is formed.    The ammonia is separated from the gas using a -60 degree C refrigeration unit.  None of this technology is exotic and could be done now.   The inputs would be air, electricity and possibly a supply of aluminum that you could pick up at your local "aluminum station". 

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